Vaginal Speculum
through the Ages

1845 - SMITH - Proposals for the Improvement of Diagnosis 1850 - GILMAN - On the Use of the Speculum 1852 - MILLER - Report of the Obstetric Committee on the Speculum Uteri 1859 - METTAUER - On the Speculum Vaginae 1864 - WOODWARD - The Speculum: Its Abuses and its Uses 1868 - WHITEHEAD - Ancient Specula, and the Conical or Cylindrical Speculum of the Moderns